Central hemodynamic parameters in girls and boys with different body types

  • Received 20.03.2026

  • Revised 02.04.2026

  • Accepted 04.05.2026

  • Published 29.05.2026


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  • Retrieved from Volume 8, No. 2, 2026

  • Pages 14-21

The somatotypological determination of central hemodynamic parameters is of significant importance for predicting susceptibility to and the course of cardiovascular diseases, as well as athletic performance. However, there is a lack of information on the somatotypological status of hemodynamic parameters in otherwise healthy individuals, which could serve as baseline values for comparison in clinical studies of various types. The aim of the study was to establish the somatotypological characteristics of central hemodynamic parameters, determined using tetrapolar rheovasography, in healthy urban adolescents residing in the Podillia region of Ukraine. Anthropometric, somatotypological, and rheographic studies were conducted on 168 healthy young men (aged 17 to 21) and 167 healthy young women (aged 16 to 20) who have resided in the Podillia region of Ukraine for three generations. Somatotyping was performed according to Heath-Carter, whereby the girls were divided into 6 groups: endomorphs (n=11), mesomorphs (n=40), ectomorphs (n=38), ecto-mesomorphs (n=20), endo-mesomorphs (n=25), girls with an intermediate somatotype (n=33), and the boys into 5 groups: mesomorphs (n=69), ectomorphs (n=25), ecto mesomorphs (n=30), endo-mesomorphs (n=11); boys with an intermediate somatotype (n=20). The analysis of the results was performed using the STATISTICA 5.5 software. The study identified constitutional differences in cen tral hemodynamic parameters; specifically, among ecto-mesomorphic girls, stroke volume, cardiac output, stroke index, cardiac index, left ventricular ejection fraction, and left ventricular power were the highest, while in endomesomorphs, most of these parameters had the lowest values. Specific and total peripheral resistance were high est in endomorph girls, while these parameters were lowest in endo-mesomorphs. Among mesomorphic boys, the highest values of blood pressure, stroke volume, left ventricular power, and energy expenditure were found, while ectomorphs had the lowest values for these parameters. In boys of certain somatotypes, central hemodynamic pa rameters were significantly higher than in girls. Individuals with ectomorphic and ecto-mesomorphic somatotypes showed no gender differences in specific central hemodynamic parameters. The central hemodynamic parameters we determined can be considered as baseline normative values.

central hemodynamics; tetrapolar rheography; somatotype; adolescent age; sexual dimorphism

https://doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2026.2.16358
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